Both transition zones form the mesocortex ( Rose, 1927a). The transition zone close to the isocortex is the proisocortex ( Sanides, 1962 Vogt & Vogt, 1919), whereas the part adjoining the allocortex is the periallocortex ( Filimonoff, 1947). Various parts of the archicortex are often rather loosely termed as cortical regions of the limbic system.Ĭytoarchitecture changes gradually from isocortex to allocortex. The archicortex is represented by the hippocampal formation (Ammon’s horn (CA) with the CA regions, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) and adjoined by the periarchicortex (see below). Since the paleocortex is clearly involved in olfactory functions, it is also called rhinencephalon. The paleocortex consists of the olfactory bulb, retrobulbar region (anterior olfactory nucleus), olfactory tubercle, (pre)piriform region, and a minor part of the amygdala (the major part of the amygdala is noncortical). The allocortex comprises the paleo- and archicortex ( Filimonoff, 1947 Stephan, 1975). The isocortex is also called neocortex because it shows a dramatic increase during mammalian evolution ( Stephan, 1975). The latter abut multimodal association areas which in turn project to other multimodal areas and/or the motor cortex, including the supplementary and pre-supplementary motor areas. Primary sensory areas receive direct unimodal afferents from the thalamus and are reciprocally connected with higher order unimodal sensory areas. The isocortex comprises primary sensory areas (somatosensory, auditory, visual, gustatory, and vestibular), higher unimodal sensory areas, multimodal association areas, and motor areas. Amunts, in Brain Mapping, 2015 Principal Subdivisions of the Cerebral Cortex
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